Time-Reversal Reconstructions of Clustered Sources and Diagnosis of Faulty Antenna Elements in Three Dimensions

The direct time-reversal (TR) method has been proposed for source reconstructions. However, it has limited capability in reconstructing clustered sources due to signal interferences generated by neighbouring sources. In this paper, we first develop the time-reversal theory in frequency domain. Then based on the analysis, we derive an important condition that formulates a time-reversal process with its solution being found by application of the regularized least squares (RLS) method. A numerical reconstruction of three-dimensional two-element linear array and a numerical diagnosis of faculty array elements in three dimensions are presented to verify the proposed method.